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Modelling Winterstorm Risk
Committed To Securing Livelihoods
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Modelling Extratropical Cyclone Risk
Primarily North America, Europe and Northern Asia are effected by hazards such as winter storms and blizzards. The damage as a consequence of a major winter storm can be on par with that of a hurricane. Winter storm wind velocities are usually below those of a hurricane. However, the storm fronts can span for over a 2000 km wide, extending over half a continent. Damage losses incurred from winter storms arises from damages to buildings, vehicles and infrastructure. These storms’ wind velocities can reach between 140–200km/h that contribute to heavy snowfall or freezing rain resulting in damage modes such as roof collapse under snow, ice damming, wind damage,
icing causing treefall, burst pipes, and basement flooding, which in turn leads to substantial business disruption losses, such as the closure of an airport, train stations and ferry lines due to drifting and compacting ice in coastal regions from extreme weather.
Infinite Observations’ ZineQx Winter Storm Cat Model provides multi-dimensional numerical weather modeling combined with stochastic event analyses that simulates, assesses and manages the potential losses from extratropical and sub-perils with spatial and temporal correlations.


Winterstorm Catastrophe Models
Modelled Regions :
Click a region to see countries or islands where courage is available.
North America
Europe
Middle East
Central America & Caribbean
Asia & Pacific
Latin America
Africa
Australia
North America
Canada
United States
Mexico
Central America
Belize
Costa Rica
El Salvador
Honduras
Nicaragua
Panama
Caribbean
The Greater Antilles
Cuba
Puerto Rico
Jamaica
Cayman Islands
Hispaniola:
Haiti
Dominican Republic
Lucayan Archipelago
Bahamas
Turks and Caicos Islands
Lesser Antilles (Leeward Islands)
Anguilla (UK)
Saint Martin (Fr.)
Sint Maarten (Neth.)
Saint-Barthélemy (Fr.)
Saba (Neth.)
Sint Eustatius (Neth.)
Saint Kitts
Nevis
Antigua
Barbuda
Redonda
Bermuda
Montserrat (UK)
Guadeloupe (Fr.)
La Désirade (Fr.)
Marie-Galante (Fr.)
Les Saintes archipelago (Fr.)
St. Thomas (US VI)
St. John (US VI)
St. Croix (US VI)
Water Island (US VI)
Tortola (UK VI)
Virgin Gorda (UK VI)
Anegada (UK VI)
Jost Van Dyke (UK VI)
Aruba (Neth.)
Curaçao (Neth.)
Bonaire (Neth.)
La Orchila
La Tortuga
La Blanquilla
Margarita Island
Coche
Cubagua
Los Roques Archipelago
Lesser Antilles (Windward Islands)
Dominica
Martinique (Fr.)
Saint Lucia
Barbados
Saint Vincent
Grenadines
Carriacou
Petite Martinique
Grenada
Trinidad
Tobago
South America
Argentina
Bolivia
Chile
Cayman Islands
Colombia
Ecuador
Guyana
Guiana (Fr.)
Paraguay
Peru
Suriname
Uruguay
Venezuela
Europe
Andorra
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Liechtenstein
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Monaco
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Russia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
Vatican City
Asia & Pacific
East Asia
China
Hong Kong (China)
Macau (China)
Japan
North Korea
South Korea
Taiwan
South Asia
Bangladesh
India
Maldives
Sri Lanka
South Asia
Brunei
Cambodia
Indonesia
Laos
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Vietnam
Australasia
Australia
New Zealand
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia (Fr)
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam (US)
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Wake Island (US)
Polynesia
American Samoa (US)
Cook Islands (NZ)
Easter Island (Ch)
French Polynesia (Fr)
Niue (NZ)
Norfolk Island (A)
Tonga
Tuvalu
Samoa
Wallis and Futuna (Fr)
Winterstorm Vulnerability, Exposure & Risk Modelling





Accurate Extratropical Cyclone Models
Traditional parametric models cannot adequately capture the highly complex interactions between numerous atmospheric components that constitute winter storms. In different regions across the globe, winter storms manifest themselves differently, depending on the active climate conditions. Infinite Observations leverages Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) technology that simulates storm systems by modelling atmospheric spatial and temporal dynamics using mathematical equations that govern fluid- and thermodynamics. A regional winter storm can manifest itself in the form of sub-perils such as a blizzard, ice storm, Nor’ easter, freezing rain, wind, storm surge, etc. or as a combination of sub-perils or a succession of sub-perils that constitute storms, clustering. NWP allows for clustered events to be separated and identified correctly, one factor that is critical in determining economic and other types of losses.
Quantifying ETC Risks & Losses
To be able accurately assess and manage the risk and losses to the physical infrastructure Infinite Observations generates enhanced stochastic event catalogues from high-resolution models to determine vulnerability. Damage functions related to data from residential, commercial and industrial facilities as well as agricultural facilities (for example greenhouses), livestock, vehicles, marine and offshore facilities. Losses for both large and smaller events depend significantly on geographic location, building type, contents, inventory, building envelope, construction year, local and regional building codes and practices, construction materials, industry and a combination of other factors. The models can be validated in its entirety or model components can be validate independently against information and research from industry sources as well as historic events.




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ZineQx - Infinite Observations
